The effects of combining antibiotics and alcohol can vary, depending on the specific antibiotic. Alcohol doesn't diminish the effectiveness of most antibiotics. However, antibiotics and alcohol can cause similar side effects, such as stomach upset, dizziness and drowsiness. When you combine antibiotics and alcohol, these side effects may increase.
A few antibiotics — such as metronidazole (Flagyl), tinidazole (Tindamax) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) — should not be mixed with alcohol because this may result in a more severe reaction. Drinking any amount of alcohol with these medications can result in side effects such as flushing, headache, nausea and vomiting, and rapid heart rate. Keep in mind that some cold medicines and mouthwashes also contain alcohol. So check the label and avoid such products while taking these antibiotics.
Chronic alcohol use and binge drinking affect the liver and may cause changes in the way some drugs, including antibiotics such as doxycycline (Vibramycin, Doryx), are metabolized. In such cases, a higher dose of antibiotic may be required to achieve the same treatment benefit.
Keep in mind that alcohol can reduce your energy and delay how quickly you recover from illness. So, it may be best to avoid alcohol until you have finished your antibiotics and are feeling better.
Ask anyone (and not just your physician) whether you can drink alcohol with antibiotics, and more likely than not they will tell you it is not a good idea.
Take a look at the label on your antibiotic pill bottle and, more often than not it will expressly state that alcohol must be avoided.
And yet despite medical advice, a vocal minority claim (a non-medical minority, mind you) that this is all misinformation, and that alcohol and antibiotics can be mixed with no adverse effects.
So, who are we to believe? Is the 'don't mix antibiotics and alcohol' camp misinformed or are there real dangers to drinking while on antibiotics?
Alcohol effects and Alcohol and Antibiotics effects
Consequences of Drinking Alcohol while Taking Antibiotics
As with antibiotics, alcohol also travels through our bloodstream, acting on the brain to cause intoxication, and is finally metabolized and removed by our liver.
As both antibiotics and alcohol have to travel through the bloodstream, alcohol might alter or modify the effect of medications before they can reach the principal site of action.
On the behavior of antibiotics in our body, alcohol can affect it in different ways.
For example, alcohol can strengthen medication, reduce or inhibit, or change the drug’s action with unpredictable side effects on the human body.
The most unpleasant aspect of mixing antibiotics and alcohol is the unpredictability of their interaction.
Granted, it depends on the individual characteristics of the organism, as well as the specific alcoholic beverage and medication.
Possible Antibiotics-Alcohol Interactions
Typical antibiotics-alcohol interactions include:
A strong intake of alcohol would compete with the antibiotics for the same set of metabolizing enzymes, and reduce the drug’s metabolism. This causes the drug to remain in our system longer than necessary, and may produce harmful side effects.
This could work the other way round. Uncontrolled ingestion of alcohol may activate drug-metabolizing enzymes, diminishing the antibiotics’ effects by decreasing the medication’s availability. This would explain why a chronic drinker may need higher doses of antibiotics than a teetotaler to achieve therapeutic levels of certain medication.
Chronic alcohol intake may activate certain enzymes that could turn some antibiotics into toxic chemicals that could harm the liver and other organs.
Mixing alcohol with the following will cause various, unpleasant side-effects:
Metronidazole – Side effects include flushing, breathlessness, headache, increased or irregular heart rate, low blood pressure, nausea and vomiting.
Tinidazole – Very similar to metronidazole and may cause the same reaction.
Furoxone – Headache, stomach upset, nausea, vomiting, dizziness or weakness.
Grisactin – Headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach upset, tiredness, dizziness, insomnia.
Atabrine – Dizziness, nausea, blurred vision, loss of balance, photo phobia, dry mouth, hallucinations.
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